Performance & Tuning

PostgreSQL Statistics Explained: Why Row Estimates Are Wrong

Michael Patrick McCoy

PostgreSQL query plans go wrong for one main reason: bad statistics. The planner doesn’t understand your data — it guesses, using histograms and most common values. When those guesses are off, even the “cheapest” plan can be disastrously slow. Let's explore where row estimates come from — and why they so often miss the mark.


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How PostgreSQL Chooses a Query Plan (And Why It Gets It Wrong)

Michael Patrick McCoy

Query performance doesn’t usually fail all at once — it drifts. PostgreSQL chooses plans based on estimates, not guarantees, and those estimates change as your data changes. Here’s how the planner really works, why it sometimes gets it wrong, and how to stop being surprised by bad plans.


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PostgreSQL Views Aren’t Slow — Your Design Is

Michael Patrick McCoy

Views aren’t the problem. Your design is. Learn how to build fast, scalable PostgreSQL views that actually perform!


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Index Maintenance: REINDEX, Index Bloat, and When to Rebuild

Michael Patrick McCoy

PostgreSQL indexes are like closets. You start with them neat and organized… and then six months later you’re wondering why the door won’t close and why everything takes longer to find. That digital mess is called index bloat, and managing it is one of the most underrated responsibilities of a PostgreSQL DBA.


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How to Generate Sample Data in PostgreSQL (The Easy Way)

Michael Patrick McCoy

A quick, beginner-friendly guide to generating sample data in PostgreSQL. Learn how to create thousands of rows using generate_series, random(), arrays, and timestamps — no CSVs required.


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JSONB in PostgreSQL: The Beginner’s Guide I Wish I Had

Michael Patrick McCoy

PostgreSQL’s JSONB data type gives you the flexibility of a document store while keeping all the relational superpowers you already know. But the truth is simple: most developers struggle with JSONB purely because they forget the syntax. This guide is the refresher I wish someone handed me years ago!


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